DAMPAK PSIKOSPIRITUAL PUASA RAMADAN TERHADAP STRES, KECEMASAN, DAN KETAHANAN MENTAL
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.62567/ijis.v1i2.944Keywords:
puasa Ramadan, kesehatan mental Islami, spiritualitas Islam, stres dan kecemasan, kesejahteraan psikologis, hormon kortisol, mindfulness Islami, dukungan sosialAbstract
Puasa Ramadan tidak hanya merupakan kewajiban ibadah dalam Islam, tetapi juga menunjukkan dampak yang signifikan terhadap kesehatan mental melalui pendekatan biologis, psikologis, dan spiritual. Artikel ini bertujuan menelaah secara sistematis literatur ilmiah terkini mengenai pengaruh puasa Ramadan terhadap stres, kecemasan, suasana hati, dan kesejahteraan psikologis. Metode yang digunakan adalah kajian literatur tematik-naratif dengan pendekatan kualitatif terhadap artikel ilmiah dari tahun 2015–2025 yang diakses melalui Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar, dan sumber keislaman. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa puasa Ramadan selama 29–30 hari mendorong adaptasi psikofisiologis, seperti penurunan kadar hormon kortisol, stabilisasi serotonin dan dopamin, serta peningkatan kualitas tidur dan regulasi emosi. Spiritualitas Islam yang terwujud melalui ibadah seperti tarawih, tadarus, dan zikir meningkatkan kesadaran diri dan ketahanan mental. Selain itu, interaksi sosial saat buka puasa bersama dan aktivitas amal memberikan dampak positif terhadap kesehatan jiwa dan rasa keterhubungan sosial. Meskipun demikian, respons terhadap puasa dapat bervariasi, terutama pada individu dengan gangguan mental berat. Oleh karena itu, dukungan komunitas dan pendekatan klinis berbasis nilai Islam menjadi penting. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa puasa Ramadan dapat menjadi pendekatan psikospiritual yang efektif untuk meningkatkan kesehatan mental umat Muslim.
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