THE EFFECT OF CAPITAL STRUCTURE ON FIRM VALUE WITH PROFITABILITY AS A MODERATING VARIABLE (Case Study of Consumer Non-Cyclical Sector Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2021–2024 Period)

Authors

  • Fauzia Naningsi Ibrahim Gorontalo State University
  • Hais Dama Gorontalo State University
  • Idham Masri Ishak Gorontalo State University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.62567/micjo.v3i3.2468

Keywords:

Capital Structure, Firm Value, Profitability, DAR, DER, PBV

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the effect of capital structure on firm value with profitability as a moderating variable in consumer non-cyclical sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during 2021–2024. Capital structure was measured using Debt to Asset Ratio (DAR) and Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), firm value was proxied by Price to Book Value (PBV), while profitability was measured using Return on Assets (ROA). This research applied a quantitative approach using secondary data obtained from annual financial reports. The sample consisted of 154 observations selected through purposive sampling. Data analysis was conducted using multiple linear regression and Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) with SPSS software. The results show that DAR has a positive and significant effect on firm value, while DER has a negative but insignificant effect on firm value. Simultaneously, DAR and DER significantly affect firm value. Furthermore, profitability (ROA) is proven to strengthen the relationship between DAR and firm value as well as between DER and firm value. These findings indicate that an optimal capital structure supported by strong profitability can increase firm value. Therefore, companies should maintain a balanced financing composition and improve profitability to enhance market valuation.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Alan Kraus, R. H. L. (1973). A State-Preference Model Of Optimal Financial Leverage

Alhayra, A. R., Tangngisulu, J., & Fajriah, Y. (2021). Pengaruh Likuiditas dan Profitabilitas terhadap Nilai Perusahaan dengan Ukuran Perusahaan sebagai Variabel Moderasi. Jurnal Akuntansi Dan Keuangan Indonesia, 13(1), 45–58.

Amalia, R., Ramli, A., & Aslam, A. P. (2025). The Effect Of Capital Structure And Liquidity On Company Value With Profitability As A Moderating Variable. 2(2), 846–858.

Amro, P. Z. N., & Asyik, N. F. (2021). Pengaruh profitabilitas, ukuran perusahaan, dan struktur modal terhadap nilai perusahaan. Jurnal Ilmu Dan Riset Akuntansi, 10(7).

Andhar, Y., & Hadiprajitno, P. T. B. (2023). Pengaruh Pengungkapan Sukarela Manajemen Risiko Non-Keuangan Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan. Diponegoro Journal of Accounting, 12(1), 1–11. http://ejournal-s1.undip.ac.id/index.php/accounting

Anisah, N., Padang, U. N., & Manajemen, N. A. (2025). Issn : 3025-9495 pengaruh profitabilitas, struktur modal, kebijakan dividen, dan ukuran perusahaan terhadap nilai perusahaan pada perusahaan.

Ardianti, D., Mulyati, M., & Ramadhan, R. (2025). Optimalisasi Kinerja Keuangan: Dampak Struktur Modal dan Keputusan Investasi terhadap Profitabilitas Perusahaan Manufaktur. Jurnal Economic Resource, 8(2), 562–572. https://doi.org/10.57178/jer.v8i2.1427

Arifin, A. Z. (2018). Manajemen Keuangan. Zahir Publishing.

Bahriah, I. S., Norisanti, N., & Danial, R. D. M. (2022). Peran Profitabilitas Dalam Memoderasi Pengaruh Struktur Modal Dan Ukuran Perusahaan Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan. Journal of Economic, Bussines and Accounting (COSTING), 5(2), 1444–1451.

Buhaenah, B., & Pradana, A. W. S. (2022). Pengaruh Struktur Modal Dan Pertumbuhan Perusahaan Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan Dengan Profitabilitas Sebagai Variabel Moderasi. Journal of Business and Economics Research (JBE), 3(2), 90–99. https://doi.org/10.47065/jbe.v3i2.1706

Cordiaz, E. F., . E., & Situmeang, C. (2021). The Effect of Profitability, Liquidity, and Capital Structure on Firm Value with Dividend Policy as a Moderating Variable in the Company Mining Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. International Journal of Research and Review, 8(12), 328–337. https://doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20211241

Dentika, L. (2022). Menyelisik Nilai Perusahaan. Pustaka Aksara.

Dewi, J. P., & Damayanti, E. (2019). Analisis Pengaruh Struktur Modal, Profitabilitas, dan Ukuran Perusahaan Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan Manufaktur Sektor Industri Makanan dan Minuman Tahun 2013-2017. Jurnal Akuntansi Dan Bisnis Krisnadwipayana, 6(3), 71–78.

Dewi, M. (2018). Pengaruh Kinerja Keuangan Dan Risiko Keuangan Terhadap Return Saham Perusahaan Sektor Consumer Goods Industry Di BEI. Jurnal Penelitian Ekonomi Akuntansi (JENSI), 1(1), 50–60.

Dhany, U. R., Elly, M. I., & Rahman, D. (2022). Kajian Mengenai Financial Distress Melalui Analisis Model Zmijewski Score Pada Perusahaan Sektor Industri Barang Konsumsi Yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Jurnal Bisnis Kompetitif, 1(2), 208–212. https://doi.org/10.35446/bisniskompetif.v1i2.1103

Dhany, U. R., Wilamsari, F., & Ahmad Iskandar Rahmansyah. (2024). Pengaruh Struktur Modal Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan Dengan Profitabilitas Sebagai variabel Moderasi. Jurnal Ekonomi, 20(2), 457–467. https://doi.org/10.26623/sbj.v1i2.6696

Fahlevi, A., & Nazar, M. R. (2023). Pengaruh Kebijakan Hutang, Struktur Modal, Dan Pertumbuhan Perusahaan Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan. Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen, Ekonomi, & Akuntansi (MEA), 7(2), 698–713. https://doi.org/10.31955/mea.v7i2.3059

Fardiana, & Istiono. (2024). Analisis pengaruh struktur modal, kebijakan dividen, dan profitabilitas terhadaap nilai perusahaan: Studi padaa perusahaan LQ45 non keuangan periode 2020-2022. Neraca Manajemen, Ekonomi, 7(8).

Febiola, D., & Susanti, S. (2024). Pengaruh Struktur Modal dan Likuiditas terhadap Kinerja Keuangan Pada Sub Sektor Basic Materials yang Terdaftar di BEI Tahun 2019-2023. JEBI: Jurnal Ekonomi Bisnis, 2(11), 1987–2000.

Febriyanti, I., & Sari, S. (2025). Pengaruh Struktur Modal Dan Likuiditas Terhadap Industri Dasar Dan Kimia Yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek. 9(2), 27–36.

Holmes, A. H. (1929). The Cost Of Caapital Corporation Finance and The Theory Of Investment. British Medical Journal, 2(3594), 952–953. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.2.3594.952

Horne, J. C. Van, & John M. Wachowicz, J. (1997). Prinsip-Prinsip Manajemen Keuangan (Edisi 1). Salemba Empat.

Kurniasih, A., Rustam, M., Heliantono, & Endri, E. (2022). Cost of capital and firm value: Evidence from Indonesia. Investment Management and Financial Innovations, 19(4), 14–22. https://doi.org/10.21511/imfi.19(4).2022.02

Kusumaningrum, D. P., & Isawara, U. S. (2022). Pengaruh profitabilitas, leverge, dan ukuran perusahaan terhadap nilai perusahaan. Jurnal Ilmiah Akuntansi Dan Keuangan, 1(3), 295–312. https://doi.org/10.24034/jiaku.v1i3.5509

Monalisa, Oktaviani, M., & Mauliddah, N. (2025). Pengaruh Kepemilikan Manajerial dan Debt to Asset Ratio Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan Dengan Return On Equity Sebagai Variabel Moderasi. Jurnal Manajemen Dan Bisnis, 5(2), 145–155.

Muhajirin, Risnita, & Asrulla. (2024). Pendekatan Penelitian Kuantitatif Tahapan Penelitian. Journal Genta Mulia, 15(1), 82–92.

Ningrum, E. P. (2022). Nilai Perusahaan (konsep dan aplikasi). (Kodri (ed.); 1st ed.). Penerbit Adab.

Rismawandi. (2025). Determinan Faktor Nilai Perusahaan. Manajemen, 5(1), 238–247. https://doi.org/10.51903/manajemen.v5i1.964

Sofiani, L., & Siregar, E. M. (2022). Analisis Pengaruh ROA, CR dan DAR Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan Sektor Makanan dan Minuman. Jurnal Ilmiah Akuntansi Kesatuan, 10(1), 9–16. https://doi.org/10.37641/jiakes.v10i1.1183

Sormin, P. (2021). Impact of Capital Structure, Growth Opportunities, and Profitability on Company Value. Genesius Klabat Accounting Review |, 2(1), 1–16.

Subardi, A. (2019). Analisis Rasio Profitabilitas Pada PT BANK PERMATA, Tbk. JBEE : Journal Business Economics and Entrepreneurship, 1(2), 1–8.

Sundoro, I. A., & Sukirman, O. (2021). Analysis of the Influence of Capital Structure on Corporate Values. Ntf 2019, 177–181. https://doi.org/10.5220/0010224501770181

Susanto, P. C., Arini, D. U., Yuntina, L., & Panatap, J. (2024). Konsep Penelitian Kuantitatif : Populasi, Sampel , dan Analisis Data ( Sebuah Tinjauan Pustaka ). 3(1), 1–12.

Tambuwun, C. E., Mangantar, M., & Rumokoy, L. J. (2024). Pengaruh Debt to Equity Ratio , Earning Per Share, Dan Retrurn On Asset Terhadap Nilai Perusahan Sub Sektor Jasa Kesehatan yang Terdaftar Di BEI. 12(01), 107–116.

Ulya, R., & Sunarto. (2024). the Influence of Company Size, Capital Structure, Liquidity and Profitability on Non-Cyclical Consumer Sector Company Value on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (Idx) for the Period 2018-2022. COSTING: Journal of Economic, Business and Accounting, 7(4), 9607–9615. www.idx.co.id.

Umdiana, N., & Claudia, H. (2020). Jurnal Akuntansi : Kajian Ilmiah Akuntansi 52 | A k u n t a n s i. Akuntansi : Kajian Ilmiah Akuntansi, 7, 52–70. https://e-jurnal.lppmunsera.org/index.php/Akuntansi/article/view/1930

Venolika, N. P. A., Sari, L. P., & Pramitasari, T. D. (2022). Pengaruh Intelectual Capital Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan dengan Financial Distress Sebagai Variabel Intervening Pada perusahaan Property dan real Estate yang Terdaftar Di Bei Tahun 2018-2020. Jme, 1(7), 1331–1346.

Willy Sri Yuliandhari, & Rishma Nadya Nurramadhani. (2024). Determinants Of Company Value In Energy Sector Companies. Jurnal Akuntansi, 28(2), 225–243. https://doi.org/10.24912/ja.v28i2.1681

Yanti, I. G. A. D. N., & Darmayanti, N. P. A. (2019). Pengaruh Profitabilitas , Ukuran Perusahaan , Struktur Makanan Dan Minuman. E-Jurnal Manajemen, 8(4), 2297–2324.

Yoan, A., & Putra, D. (2022). Jurnal ilmiah manajemen bisnis dan inovasi universitas sam ratulangi (jmbi unsrat). 9(1), 336–350.

Yuliawati, R., & Alinsari, N. (2022). Pengaruh Modal Intelektual Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan Dengan Profitabilitas Sebagai Variabel Moderasi. Owner, 6(3), 1698–1708. https://doi.org/10.33395/owner.v6i3.939

Published

2026-05-30

How to Cite

Ibrahim, F. N., Dama, H., & Ishak, I. M. (2026). THE EFFECT OF CAPITAL STRUCTURE ON FIRM VALUE WITH PROFITABILITY AS A MODERATING VARIABLE (Case Study of Consumer Non-Cyclical Sector Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2021–2024 Period). Multidisciplinary Indonesian Center Journal (MICJO), 3(3), 2854–2864. https://doi.org/10.62567/micjo.v3i3.2468

Similar Articles

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 > >> 

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.