MARRIAGE AS A RESPONSE TO PREMARITAL PREGNANCY: SOCIO-CULTURAL CONFINEMENT, LEGAL PLURALISM, AND RELIGIOUS PRAGMATISM IN NORTH HALMAHERA

Lutfi Bakence; Lomba Sultan; Rahmatiah DL; Saleh Ridwan

doi:10.62567/micjo.v2i4.1279

Authors

Lutfi Bakence Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin
Lomba Sultan Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin
Rahmatiah DL Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin
Saleh Ridwan Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.62567/micjo.v2i4.1279

Keywords:

premarital pregnancy, early marriage, Islamic law

Abstract

Marriage involving pregnant women outside wedlock remains a critical socio-cultural and legal phenomenon in Indonesia, particularly in North Halmahera where family honor, religious authority, and customary law strongly influence communal life. This study aimed to explore how such marriages are understood, legitimized, and practiced by families, community leaders, and legal institutions. Using a qualitative case study approach, data were collected through in-depth interviews with religious leaders, adat leaders, government officials, parents, and young women, complemented by participant observation and document analysis, and analyzed with an interactive model of reduction, display, and conclusion drawing. The findings reveal that marriage is primarily arranged to safeguard family honor, with communities regarding it as the only socially acceptable corrective measure, while religious leaders across traditions adopt pragmatic interpretations, invoking public interest or redemption to justify the practice, and customary rituals together with state dispensations further reinforce its legitimacy. Although marriage resolves immediate stigma and reintegrates families socially, it simultaneously generates long-term vulnerabilities, including interrupted education, economic dependence, marital instability, psychological stress, and increased maternal and neonatal health risks. This study contributes to the sociology of law and religion by demonstrating how socio-cultural confinement, Islamic legal pluralism, and adat practices converge in eastern Indonesia, while underscoring the urgent need for holistic interventions that integrate sexuality education, family communication, religious engagement, and legal reform to protect women and children more effectively.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Amri, A. (2022). Stigma sosial dan perilaku adaptif keluarga dalam menyikapi kehamilan pranikah. Jurnal Sosial Humaniora, 10(2), 130–144.

Alifah, A. P., Apsari, N. C., & Taftazani, B. M. (2022). Faktor yang mempengaruhi remaja hamil di luar nikah. Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (JPPM), 2(3), 529. https://doi.org/10.24198/jppm.v2i3.38077

Aprianti, A., Shaluhiyah, Z., Suryoputro, A., & Indraswari, R. (2018). Fenomena pernikahan dini membuat orang tua dan remaja tidak takut mengalami kehamilan tidak diinginkan. Jurnal Promosi Kesehatan Indonesia, 13(1), 61–73.

Chandra, N. M. T., Susanti, E., & Kinuthia, K. M. (2020). Women’s subordination in premarital pregnancy: Subordinasi perempuan dalam fenomena kehamilan pranikah. Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik, 33(3), 238–247.

Faturohman, A., Latifah, N., & Sukarno, R. (2023). Kapasitas lembaga keagamaan dalam pencegahan perkawinan anak di daerah pinggiran. Jurnal Sosial Keagamaan, 9(2), 122–137.

Fauzi, F. (2021). Tinjauan kawin hamil dalam perspektif hukum Islam. Journal of Islamic Law Studies, 3(2), 7.

Halimi, M., Nasaruddin, N., & Adam, A. (2022). Kajian sosiologis hukum Islam terhadap perkawinan wanita hamil di Desa Panca Mukti Kecamatan Riopakava Kabupaten Donggala. Prosiding Kajian Islam dan Integrasi Ilmu di Era Society (KIIIES) 5.0, 1(1), 58–62.

Harvey, C. M., FitzGerald, I., Sauvarin, J., Binder, G., & Humphries-Waa, K. (2022). Premarital conception as a driver of child marriage and early union in selected countries in Southeast Asia and the Pacific. Journal of Adolescent Health, 70(3), S43–S46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2021.11.003

Lubis, R. R., Mukarrom, T., Seroza, C. B., & Irfan, M. (2025). Reconstruction of obligatory bequest in the perspective of the objectives of Islamic law: Contextualizing Islamic law in a case study of the secret wife in polygamous marriage. Jurnal Ilmiah Mizani, 12(1), 64–85. https://doi.org/10.29300/mzn.v12i1.3809

Putri, R. D., & Sari, L. A. (2024). Komplikasi kesehatan reproduksi pada ibu remaja akibat pernikahan dini: Studi di wilayah timur Indonesia. Jurnal Kesehatan Reproduksi Indonesia, 8(2), 89–104.

Rahiem, M. D. H. (2021). COVID-19 and the surge of child marriage in Indonesia. Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment, 31(4), 425–438. https://doi.org/10.1080/10911359.2021.1909517

Sabir, M. (2021). Problematika perkawinan wanita hamil dan implementasi KHI Pasal 53 tentang perkawinan wanita hamil di pengadilan agama. Hukum Islam, 21(1), 30–44.

Sabilillah, S. (2024). Pernikahan dini dan reproduksi budaya patriarki di Solear, Kabupaten Tangerang. Saskara Indonesian Journal of Society Studies, 4(1), 95–114. https://doi.org/10.21009/saskara.041.01

Saputra, Y. N., & Maradesa, V. (2023). Hubungan antara tingkat pendidikan kesehatan reproduksi dengan frekuensi kehamilan di luar nikah pada remaja. Andragogi: Jurnal Diklat Teknis Pendidikan dan Keagamaan, 11(1), 99–108. https://doi.org/10.36052/andragogi.v11i1.309

Suazini, I., & Humaeroh, N. (2021). Tabu seksualitas dan krisis komunikasi keluarga dalam pencegahan kehamilan remaja. Jurnal Pendidikan dan Psikologi Remaja, 10(2), 98–112.

Sundari, R., & Retnowati, A. (2024). Pengaruh kehamilan pranikah terhadap permohonan dispensasi nikah anak di Indonesia. Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Humaniora, 13(1), 50–63.

Suratno, P., & Nugroho, Y. E. (2023). Ketegaran wanita hamil di luar nikah dalam menghadapi tekanan keluarga dalam novel Menjaring Mata Angin. Kabastra, 2(2), 83–93. https://doi.org/10.31002/kabastra.v2i2.486

Wibisana, W. (2017). Perkawinan wanita hamil di luar nikah serta akibat hukumnya perspektif fikih dan hukum positif. Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Islam-Ta’lim, 15(1), 29–35.

Yorita, E., Nugraheni, D. E., Yanniarti, S., Savitri, W., & Dewi, R. (2023). Pemberdayaan kader sebagai upaya meningkatkan pengetahuan dan sikap kelompok bina keluarga remaja tentang pendewasaan usia perkawinan. Jurnal Masyarakat Mandiri (JMM), 7(6), 5454–5464.