RELOKASI SARANG PENYU DAN KEBERHASILAN PENETASAN: FAKTOR LINGKUNGAN DAN IMPLIKASI KONSERVASI
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.62567/ijosse.v2i3.3391Keywords:
Pengelolaan Hatchery, Mikroklimat Inkubasi, Kualitas Tukik, Pengelolaan Berbasis Risiko, Konservasi Berbasis MasyarakatAbstract
Pengelolaan peneluran penyu semakin banyak menggunakan intervensi aktif untuk mengurangi mortalitas telur akibat tekanan pesisir dan antropogenik. Namun, efektivitas sistem inkubasi terkelola berbeda antarspesies, lokasi, dan kondisi habitat peneluran. Kajian ini mensintesis bukti mengenai sistem inkubasi terkelola, hasil reproduksi, mikroklimat inkubasi, kualitas tukik, dan respons pengelolaan menggunakan tinjauan literatur integratif terstruktur dengan pendekatan deskriptif-kualitatif. Penelusuran Scopus periode 2011–2026 menghasilkan 25 artikel kandidat, kemudian 22 artikel dipertahankan untuk sintesis tematik dan diperkaya secara selektif melalui Google Scholar serta penelusuran referensi. Hasil sintesis menunjukkan bahwa pemindahan telur secara terkelola tidak secara konsisten memberikan hasil lebih baik dibandingkan inkubasi alami. Sarang alami dapat menghasilkan keluaran reproduksi yang setara atau lebih tinggi ketika kondisi lokal masih mendukung, sedangkan hatchery dan sistem terkelola lainnya lebih bermanfaat ketika sarang menghadapi risiko tinggi akibat genangan, erosi, predasi, gangguan manusia, atau tekanan termal. Suhu, naungan, kedalaman sarang, kelembapan, ketersediaan oksigen, karakteristik substrat, dan mikroorganisme turut memengaruhi perkembangan embrio dan performa tukik. Efektivitas pengelolaan karena itu perlu dinilai tidak hanya berdasarkan keberhasilan penetasan, tetapi juga keberhasilan kemunculan, lama inkubasi, morfologi, performa lokomotor, kondisi fisiologis, dan rasio jenis kelamin apabila data tersedia. Temuan ini mendukung kerangka pengelolaan berbasis risiko yang menyesuaikan intensitas intervensi dengan ancaman lokal sekaligus mempertahankan kondisi inkubasi dan kualitas tukik. Implementasinya perlu diintegrasikan dengan perlindungan habitat, kapasitas pengelola, dan keterlibatan masyarakat dalam tata kelola konservasi.
Downloads
References
Evans, S., Schulze, M. J., Dunlop, S., Dunlop, B., McClelland, J., Hodgkiss, R., & Brown, M. (2022). Investigating the effectiveness of a well-managed hatchery as a tool for hawksbill sea turtle (Eretmochelys imbricata) conservation. Conservation Science and Practice, 4(11), e12819. https://doi.org/10.1111/csp2.12819
García-Grajales, J., Ramírez-Fuentes, E., & Meraz-Hernando, J. F. (2026). Sedimentary characteristics of Dermochelys coriacea nests and their effects on hatching success in the central coast of Oaxaca, Mexico. Hidrobiológica, 36(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.24275/ujrd3823
Gifari, T., Elfidasari, D., & Sugoro, I. (2018). The effects of contaminant microorganism towards Chelonia mydas eggs hatchery results in Pangumbahan Green Sea Turtles Conservation, Sukabumi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas, 19(4), 1207–1212. https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d190404
Herawati, T., Rahayu, I., Maqbul, I., & Saefuramdhan, A. (2026). Hatching success of olive ridley sea turtles in semi-natural nests: A pilot assessment of microclimate conditions at Batu Hiu Beach. Ecology and Evolution, 16(2), e73029. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.73029
Isdianto, A., Intyas, C. A., Luthfi, O. M., Asadi, M. A., Haykal, M. F., & Putri, B. M. (2022). Pengelolaan berkelanjutan pada kawasan konservasi penyu hijau. UB Press.
Isdianto, A., Luthfi, O. M., Asadi, M. A., Aliviyanti, D., Semedi, B., Afriani, G., Putri, B. M., & Haykal, M. F. (2022). Penyu: Biologi, habitat & ancaman. UB Media.
Isdianto, A., Luthfi, O. M., Haykal, M. F., Putri, B. M., & Fathah, A. L. (2023). Policy and community involvement in green turtle conservation. In Advances in Academic Research and Development (Vol. 10, pp. 1–25). Integrated Publications. https://doi.org/10.22271/int.book.270
Kaewmong, P., Punyapornwithaya, V., Wongfu, C., Prasitwiset, W., Jongjit, P., Boonkasemsanti, A., Kittiwattanawong, K., & Bansiddhi, P. (2022). Nest relocation of leatherback turtles (Dermochelys coriacea) decrease the rate of non-developed eggs. Veterinary Integrative Sciences, 20(2), 279–289. https://doi.org/10.12982/VIS.2022.022
Liles, M. J., Peterson, T. R., Seminoff, J. A., Gaos, A. R., Altamirano, E., Henríquez, A. V., Gadea, V., Chavarría, S., Urteaga, J., Wallace, B. P., & Peterson, M. J. (2019). Potential limitations of behavioral plasticity and the role of egg relocation in climate change mitigation for a thermally sensitive endangered species. Ecology and Evolution, 9(4), 1603–1622. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.4774
Martins, S., Ferreira-Veiga, N., Rodrigues, Z., Querido, A., Loureiro, N. de S., Freire, K., Abella, E., Oujo, C., & Marco, A. (2021). Hatchery efficiency as a conservation tool in threatened sea turtle rookeries with high embryonic mortality. Ocean & Coastal Management, 212, 105807. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2021.105807
Matthews, B. L., Gatto, C. R., & Reina, R. D. (2021). Effects of moisture during incubation on green sea turtle (Chelonia mydas) development, morphology and performance. Endangered Species Research, 46, 253–268. https://doi.org/10.3354/esr01159
Najwa-Sawawi, S., Azman, N. M., Rusli, M. U., Ahmad, A., Fahmi-Ahmad, M., & Fadzly, N. (2021). How deep is deep enough? Analysis of sea turtle eggs nest relocation procedure at Chagar Hutang Turtle Sanctuary. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, 28(9), 5053–5060. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.05.021
Olendo, M. I., Okemwa, G. M., Munga, C. N., Mulupi, L. K., Mwasi, L. D., Mohamed, H. B., Sibanda, M., & Ong’anda, H. O. (2019). The value of long-term, community-based monitoring of marine turtle nesting: A study in the Lamu Archipelago, Kenya. Oryx, 53(1), 71–80. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0030605317000771
Patiño-Martínez, J., Dos Passos, L., Afonso, I. O., Teixidor, A., Tiwari, M., Székely, T., & Moreno, R. (2022). Globally important refuge for the loggerhead sea turtle: Maio Island, Cabo Verde. Oryx, 56(1), 54–62. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0030605320001180
Picknell, A., Stewart, K. M., Stewart, K. R., & Dennis, M. M. (2024). Assessment of hatching and emergence success, developmental phases, and pathology of leatherback (Dermochelys coriacea) embryos and dead-in-nest hatchlings on St. Croix, US Virgin Islands. Chelonian Conservation and Biology, 23(1), 103–112. https://doi.org/10.2744/CCB-1617.1
Prastiya, R. A., Susilowati, S., Mustofa, I., Yudhana, A., Taufiqurrahman, R. A., Daffa, M. A., Sasi, S. M., Alghoul, N. M., & Haditanojo, W. (2026). Effects of controlled artificial incubation on hatching success, morphometric traits, and early physiological indicators in olive ridley sea turtles (Lepidochelys olivacea) from Banyuwangi coast, Indonesia. Veterinary World, 19(5), 2105–2116. https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2026.2105-2116
Ríos-Huerta, D. R., González-Hernández, M., Hart, C. E., Ramírez-Guillén, A., & Santos, K. E. C. (2021). Evaluation of 2 methods of ex situ incubation for sea turtle eggs in terms of nest temperature, hatching success, and hatchling quality. Ciencias Marinas, 47(4), 241–254. https://doi.org/10.7773/cm.v47i4.3225
Rivas, M. L., Esteban, N., & Marco, A. (2019). Potential male leatherback hatchlings exhibit higher fitness which might balance sea turtle sex ratios in the face of climate change. Climatic Change, 156(1–2), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-019-02462-1
Rutledge, M. L., Paladino, F. V., Spotila, J. R., & Santidrián Tomillo, P. (2024). Shifting thermal tolerance windows throughout incubation affects sea turtle hatching success: Implications for hatchery management and conservation. Marine Biology, 171, 94. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-024-04417-2
Saliba, S., Mohd-Salleh, S., Al-Khayat, J., Marshall, C. D., Smyth, D., & Chatting, M. (2026). Trade-offs of nest relocation in hawksbill turtles: Effects on hatching success and hatchling performance. Frontiers in Marine Science, 13, 1757374. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2026.1757374
See, K. W., & Latip, N. S. A. (2023). Fusarium solani Species Complex (FSSC) in nests of hawksbill turtles (Eretmochelys imbricata) with high hatching success in Melaka, Malaysia. Pertanika Journal of Science & Technology, 31(5), 2601–2619. https://doi.org/10.47836/pjst.31.5.29
Shettigar, T., Haragi, S., & Mariyappa, A. (2026). Rediscovering nesting activities of Lepidochelys olivacea along the Dakshina Kannada Coast, Karnataka West Coast of India. Scientific Reports, 16(1), 907. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-24961-1
Sieg, A. E., Binckley, C. A., Wallace, B. P., Santidrián Tomillo, P., Reina, R. D., Paladino, F. V., & Spotila, J. R. (2011). Sex ratios of leatherback turtles: Hatchery translocation decreases metabolic heating and female bias. Endangered Species Research, 15(3), 195–204. https://doi.org/10.3354/esr00372
Sitorus, N. C. O., Susan, S., Magdhalena, R. D. D., Sari, W. K., Setyawan, F. O., Isdianto, A., & Aliviyanti, D. (2022). Turtle conservation management at Sosadale Beach, Rote Ndao District, Nusa Tenggara Timur, Indonesia. Journal of Innovation and Applied Technology, 8(2), 1480–1490. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jiat.2022.008.02.9
Snyder, H. (2019). Literature review as a research methodology: An overview and guidelines. Journal of Business Research, 104, 333–339. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.07.039
Susilo, E., Isdianto, A., Parawangsa, I. N. Y., Fathah, A. L., & Putri, B. M. (2024). Balancing tradition and conservation: The use of turtles in Balinese ceremonies and its environmental implications. International Journal of Environmental Impacts, 7(2), 233–243. https://doi.org/10.18280/ijei.070208
Torraco, R. J. (2005). Writing integrative literature reviews: Guidelines and examples. Human Resource Development Review, 4(3), 356–367. https://doi.org/10.1177/1534484305278283
Whittemore, R., & Knafl, K. (2005). The integrative review: Updated methodology. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 52(5), 546–553. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.2005.03621.x
Wiggins, J., Baum, D., Broderick, A. C., Capel, T., Colman, L. P., Hunt, T., Simmons, D. L., McGurk, J., Mortlock, L., Nightingale, R., Weber, N., & Weber, S. B. (2023). Efficacy of artificial nest shading as a climate change adaptation measure for marine turtles at Ascension Island. Wildlife Society Bulletin, 47(4), e1497. https://doi.org/10.1002/wsb.1497
Williamson, S. A., Hoover, A. L., Evans, R. G., Shillinger, G. L., Bailey, H., Bruno, R. S., Bandimere, A., & Reina, R. D. (2023). Effects of postovipositional hypoxia and hyperoxia on leatherback turtle reproductive success and hatchling performance. Journal of Experimental Zoology Part A: Ecological and Integrative Physiology, 339(10), 939–950. https://doi.org/10.1002/jez.2743
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Haniifah Almas Qurrotu Ainii, Rasyanda Khaira Azzahra, Eden Louis Sabrina, Intan Astritya Anggraini, Arief Setyanto, Andik Isdianto
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
