GANGGUAN TIDUR DAN DAMPAKNYA TERHADAP TUMBUH KEMBANG BALITA
Keywords:
Sleep disturbance, toddler, development,, intervention, behaviorAbstract
Toddlerhood is a crucial period in the stages of human development characterized by significant acceleration in physical growth, cognitive development, and the formation of emotional and social foundations. This study aims to identify the types of sleep disorders and their impact on cognitive, behavioral, and physical development of toddlers through a literature review approach. A literature search was conducted on the ScienceDirect database with the inclusion criteria of English-language articles published between 2021-2025, focusing on toddlers aged 1-5 years. Of the 39 articles found, three were selected for analysis. Results showed that sleep disorders, such as behavioral insomnia and sleep apnea, correlate with behavioral problems such as social withdrawal, inattention, and hyperactivity, especially in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and premature infants. Risk factors include neonatal drug exposure and inconsistent parenting. Multidimensional sleep assessment is recommended for early detection, while behavior-based interventions and sleep hygiene education are effective in treatment. Sleep disorders also impact family well-being, increasing parental stress.
Downloads
References
Arksey, H., & O’Malley, L. (2005). Scoping studies: Towards a methodological framework. International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 8(1), 19–32. https://doi.org/10.1080/1364557032000119616
Bathory, E., & Tomopoulos, S. (2021). Sleep regulation and development in young children. Pediatric Clinics of North America, 68(3), 587–592. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcl.2021.02.004
Berenguer, C., Rosa, E., Stasio, S. De, & Olsson, N. C. (2024). Sleep quality relates to language impairment in children with autism spectrum disorder without intellectual disability. Sleep Medicine, 117, 83–89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2024.02.032
Bocknek, E. L., Richardson, P. A., van den Heuvel, M. I., Qipo, T., & Brophy-Herb, H. E. (2018). Sleep moderates the association between routines and emotion regulation for toddlers in poverty. Journal of Family Psychology, 32(7), 966–974. https://doi.org/10.1037/fam0000433
Bonuck, K., & Grant, R. (2012). Sleep problems and early developmental delay: Implications for early intervention programs. Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 50(1), 41–52. https://doi.org/10.1352/1934-9556-50.1.41
Bramer, W. M., et al. (2021). Optimal database combinations for literature searches in systematic reviews: A prospective exploratory study. Systematic Reviews, 10(1), 245. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-017-0644-y
Byars, K. C., & Simon, S. L. (2021). Family functioning and pediatric sleep disturbances. Sleep Medicine Clinics, 16(3), 401–410. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsmc.2021.05.002
Finkel, M. A., Troller-Renfree, S. V., Meyer, J. S., & Noble, K. G. (2022). Co-Rooming Accounts for Socioeconomic Disparities in Infant Sleep Quality among Families Living in Urban Environments. Children, 9(10), 1429. https://doi.org/10.3390/children9101429
Gemke, R. J. B. J., Burger, P., & Steur, L. M. H. (2024). Sleep disorders in children: Classification, evaluation, and management. A review. European Journal of Pediatrics, 184(1), 39–50. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00431-024-05822-x
Gruber, R. (2017). School-based sleep education programs: A knowledge-to-action perspective regarding barriers, proposed solutions, and future directions. Sleep Medicine Reviews, 36, 13–28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smrv.2016.10.001
Hale, L., et al. (2020). Screen time and sleep among children: A systematic review. Sleep Medicine Reviews, 51, 101281. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smrv.2020.101281
Heil, S. H., Melbostad, H. S., & Cioffredi, L. A. (2023). Neonatal abstinence syndrome. In The Oxford Handbook of Opioids and Opioid Use Disorder (pp. 234–257). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780197618431.013.9
Joanna Briggs Institute. (2020). The Joanna Briggs Institute Reviewers’ Manual: Methodology for JBI Scoping Reviews. JBI. https://jbi.global/scoping-review-network/resources
Karimzadeh, P. (2012). Psycho-cognitive behavioral problems in sleep disordered children. Neural Regeneration Research, 7(8), 635–639. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2012.08.012
Levy, Y., & Ellis, T. J. (2021). A systems approach to conduct an effective literature review in support of information systems research. Informing Science, 24(1), 1–32. https://www.informingscience.org/Publications/479
Liu, J., Ji, X., Pitt, S., Wang, G., Rovit, E., Lipman, T., & Jiang, F. (2024). Childhood sleep: Physical, cognitive, and behavioral consequences and implications. World Journal of Pediatrics, 20(2), 122–134. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12519-022-00647-w
Liu, J., Ji, X., Rovit, E., Pitt, S., & Lipman, T. (2024). Childhood sleep: Assessments, risk factors, and potential mechanisms. World Journal of Pediatrics, 20(2), 99–110. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12519-022-00628-z
Meltzer, L. J. (2010). Clinical management of behavioral insomnia of childhood: Treatment of bedtime problems and night wakings in young children. Behavioral Sleep Medicine, 8(3), 172–189. https://doi.org/10.1080/15402002.2010.487464
Meltzer, L. J., & Paisley, C. A. (2023). Beyond Polysomnography: Clinical Assessment of Pediatric Sleep Health and Sleep Problems. Pediatric Clinics of North America, 70(1), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcl.2022.09.001
Meltzer, L. J., & Westin, A. M. L. (2011). Impact of child sleep disturbances on parent sleep and daytime functioning. In M. El-Sheikh (Ed.), Sleep and Development: Familial and Socio-Cultural Considerations (pp. 113–131). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195395754.003.0006
Neitmann, T., et al. (2022). Sleep problems in infancy and early school age in very preterm infants. Early Human Development, 174, 104678. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2022.104678
Nevšímalová, S., & Příhodová, I. (2019). Sleep medicine consequence for pediatricians. Casopis Lekaru Ceskych, 158(7–8), 323–327.
Nguyen, H. T., Zubrick, S. R., & Mitrou, F. (2024). The effects of sleep duration on child health and development. Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 221, 35–51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2024.03.016
Owens, J. A., Spirito, A., & McGuinn, M. (2000). The Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ): Psychometric properties of a survey instrument for school-aged children. Sleep, 23(8), 1043–1051. https://doi.org/10.1093/sleep/23.8.1d
Parsapour, Z., Bemanalizadeh, M., Imani, V., Potenza, M. N., & Pakpour, A. H. (2024). Sleep and neurodevelopment. In R. Kelishadi (Ed.), Nature, Nurture, and Neurodevelopment (pp. 97–108). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-7433-3_8
Peters, M. D. J., et al. (2020). Updated methodological guidance for the conduct of scoping reviews. JBI Evidence Synthesis, 18(10), 2119–2126. https://doi.org/10.11124/JBIES-20-00167
Piroska, B., Dora, T., & Alexa, P. (2024). Background factors of childhood sleep disorders: Interparental conflicts, parent-child attachment, parenting style and the quality of parent-child relationship. Orvosi Hetilap, 165(17), 652–663. https://doi.org/10.1556/650.2024.33016
Roussis, S., Richdale, A. L., Katz, T., Malow, B. A., Barbaro, J., & Sadka, N. (2021). Behaviour, cognition, and autism symptoms and their relationship with sleep problem severity in young children with autism spectrum disorder. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 89, 101865. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2021.101865
Shamseer, L., et al. (2020). Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015: Elaboration and explanation. BMJ, 350, g7647. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.g7647
Spruyt, K. (2022). A review of developmental consequences of poor sleep in childhood. Sleep Medicine, 88, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2021.11.005
Tauman, R., Avni, H., Drori-Asayag, A., Nehama, H., Greenfeld, M., & Leitner, Y. (2017). Sensory profile in infants and toddlers with behavioral insomnia and/or feeding disorders. Sleep Medicine, 32, 83–86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2016.12.009
Tricco, A. C., et al. (2018). PRISMA extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR): Checklist and explanation. Annals of Internal Medicine, 169(7), 467–473. https://doi.org/10.7326/M18-0850
Walsh, K., & Honaker, S. M. (2023). Insomnia in young children. In R. Stickgold & M. P. Walker (Eds.), Encyclopedia of Sleep and Circadian Rhythms (2nd ed., pp. 79–86). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-822963-7.00052-9
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Rohman Daka, Aprilia Rambe , Bethani Putri Jatsuri

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.












